Type 2 diabetes: the problem and the solution

Authors

  • Roy Taylor Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15277/bjd.2022.366

Keywords:

T2DM, aetiology, pathophysiology, pancreas fat, personal fat threshold, remission

References

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Gregg EW, Cheng YJ, Narayan KM, Thompson TJ, Williamson DF. The relative contributions of different levels of overweight and obesity to the increased prevalence of diabetes in the United States: 1976-2004. Prev Med 2007;45(5):348-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j/ypaed.2007.07.020

Taylor R. Pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes: Tracing the reverse route from cure to cause. Diabetologia 2008;51:1781-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00125-008-1116-7

Lim EL, Hollingsworth KG, Aribisala BS, Chen MJ, Mathers JC, Taylor R. Reversal of type 2 diabetes: normalisation of beta cell function in associa- tion with decreased pancreas and liver triacylglycerol. Diabetologia 2011;54:2506-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-011-2204-7

Steven S, Lim EL, Taylor R. Population response to information on reversibil- ity of Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2013;30(4):e135-8. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/dme.12116

Pinnick K, Neville M, Clark A, Fielding B. Reversibility of metabolic and morphological changes associated with chronic exposure of pancreatic islet beta-cells to fatty acids. J Cell Biochem 2010;109(4):683-92. https://doi.org/10.002/jcb.22445

Talchai C, Xuan S, Lin HV, Sussel L, Accili D. Pancreatic beta cell dedifferen- tiation as a mechanism of diabetic beta cell failure. Cell 2012;150(6):1223-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.07.029

Steven S, Hollingsworth KG, Small P, et al. Weight loss decreases excess pancreatic triacylglycerol specifically in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2016;39:158-65. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-0750

Riddle MC, Cefalu WT, Evans PH, et al. Consensus Report: Definition and Interpretation of Remission in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021;44 (10): 2438-44. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci21-0034

Taylor R, Leslie WS, Barnes AC, et al. Clinical and metabolic features of the randomised controlled Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT) cohort. Diabetologia 2017;61:589-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-017-4503-0

Lean MEJ, Leslie WS, Barnes AC, et al. Durability of a primary care-led weight- management intervention for remission of type 2 diabetes: 2-year results of the DiRECT open-label, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019;7(5):344-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30068-3

Rehackova L, Araujo-Soares V, Steven S, Adamson AJ, Taylor R, Sniehotta FF. Behaviour change during dietary Type 2 diabetes remission: a longitu- dinal qualitative evaluation of an intervention using a very low energy diet. Diabet Med 2020;37:953-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14066

Xin Y, Davies A, McCombie L, et al. Type 2 diabetes remission: economic evaluation of the DiRECT/Counterweight-Plus weight management pro- gramme within a primary care randomized controlled trial. Diabet Med 2019;36(8):1003-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.13981

Jesuthasan A, Zhyzhneuskaya S, Peters C, et al. Sex differences in intraor- gan fat levels and hepatic lipid metabolism: implications for cardiovascular health and remission of type 2 diabetes after dietary weight loss. Dia- betologia 2022;65:225-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-021-05583-4

Al-Mrabeh A, Zhyzhneuskaya SV, Peters C, et al. Hepatic Lipoprotein Export and Remission of Human Type 2 Diabetes after Weight Loss. Cell Metab 2020;31(2):233-49 e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.11.018

Taylor R, Holman R. Normal weight individuals who develop Type 2 dia- betes: the personal fat threshold. Clinical Science 2015;128:405-10. https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20140553

Taylor R. Life Without Diabetes. London: Short Books; 2020.

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Published

2022-12-22

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