Insulin: a momentous transformation of diabetes care from the 1970s to the millennium
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15277/bjd.2022.355Keywords:
Insulin, longevity, diabetes care, glycemic control, 'designer' insulins, self blood glucose monitoring, diabetes educationReferences
Bliss M. The Discovery of Insulin. 1982, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Gill G, Hardy K. Insulin-dependent diabetes of over 50 years’ duration. Prac- tical Diabetes 1993; 10(2): 60-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/pdi.1960100208
Alexander W, Redmond S. The Alan Nabarro Medal: the what and the whence. Practical Diabetes 1993;10(2):63-65.
The Kroc Collaborative Study Group. Blood Glucose Control and the Evo- lution of Diabetic Retinopathy. NEJM 1984;311:365-72.
Dahl-J0rgenasenK, Brinchman-Hansen O, Hanssen KF, et al. Rapid tight- ening of blood glucose control leads to transient deterioration of retinopa- thy in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: the Oslo Study. Br Med J 1985; 290:81-5.
Pirart J. Diabetes mellitus and its degenerative complications: a prospective study of 4,400 patients observed between 1947 and 1993. Diabetes Care 1978;1:168–188 (1st part), 252–261 (2nd part). https://doi.org/10.2337/ diacare.1.3.168
Didier J, Eschwege E, Guyot-Argenton C, et al. Effect of multiple daily injections on the course of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 1976;25(5):463-9. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.25.5.463
Keen, H, Pickup JC, Bilous RW, et al. Human insulin produced by recombi- nant DNA technology; safety and hypoglycaemic potency in healthy men. Lancet 1980;361:398-401.
Editorial (Pickup J). Human insulin. Brit Med J 1989;299:991. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.299.6706.991
Redmond S. Changing to human insulin. Balance 1988;106:66-67.
Heinemann L, Heise T, Wahl L Ch, et al. Prandial glycaemia after a carbohydrate-rich meal in type 1 diabetic patients: using the rapid acting insulin analogue [Lys(B28), Pro(B29)] human insulin. Diabetic Medicine 1996;13
(7):625-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199607)
Walford S, Gale EM, Allison SP, Tattersall RB. Self-monitoring of blood glucose. Lancet 1978;311(8067):732-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(78)90855-3
Sonksen PH, Judd SL, Lowy C. Home monitoring of blood glucose. Method for improving diabetic control. Lancet 1978;1(8067):729-32. https:/doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(78)90854-1
Koenig RJ, Peterson CM, Jones RL, et al. Correlation of glucose regulation and Haemoglobin A1c in diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1976;295(8): 417-20. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197608192950804
Jackson JGL. The formation of the medical and scientific section of the British Diabetic Association. Diabetic Medicine 2004 19 July. https://doi/org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-91361199710
Shaw KM. Arnold Bloom’s legacy today: the art of medicine in an evidence- based world. Practical Diabetes 2011;28:400-03. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/pdi.1644
Shaw KM. Diabetes education study group: workshop experience. Diabetes Education. Ed Baksi, Hide DW, Giles G. 1984. Chapter 9: 79-83. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Diabetes Education. Ed Baksi, Hide D, Giles G. 1984 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Greenwood R, Shaw KM. The Silver Jubilee of the ABCD: the early history of the Association. Br J Diabetes 2022;22(1):54-7. https://doi.org/ 10.15277/bjd.2022.346
Shaw K, Greenwood R. John Wales -a tribute. Br J Diabetes 2017;17(4): 165-6. https://doi.org/10.15277/bjd.2017
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Publish & Transfer of Copyright Agreement
For the mutual benefit and protection of the Author and the Journal Owner/Publisher it is necessary that the Author provides formal written Consent to Publish and Transfer of Copyright before publication of the Work.